In view of the shortcomings of the initial value limitation of traditional algorithms and slow convergence speed of intelligent algorithms in harmonic balance analysis, an adaptive bee colony algorithm based on local search strategy of Broyden-Fleteher-Goldfarl-Shanno (BFGS) algorithm was proposed. Based on the basic bee colony algorithm, nonlinear dynamic adjustment factor was introduced to replace the random variables in the formula, thus improving the adaptability of searching. Meanwhile, BFGS algorithm was applied to the later period of bee colony algorithm to speed up the local search capability. Simulation results show that compared with the standard bee colony algorithm, the number of iterations of the improved algorithm was reduced by 51.9%, and the proposed algorithm has better convergence performance compared with the traditional BFGS algorithm and some other improved intelligent algorithms.